The manufacturing process of chlorinated paraffin (CPW)
Suntek Group continues to be a leading producer across India of innovative technology solutions that are used in multiple applications across diverse industries. Their products are widely preferred for their quality, performance, and reliability.
What is Chlorinated Paraffin (CPW):
Chlorinated Paraffin (CPW) is a colorless or yellowish oil that can be thick and viscous, depending on its concentration of chlorine. This type of petroleum offers advantages like flame retardancy and low-temperature strength, as well as increased flexibility in materials.
Usage/Applications of Chlorinated Paraffin:
Chlorinated Paraffin is widely used in several industries as plasticizers in plastics & flexible PVC manufacturing in India. It can withstand the extreme pressure additives in metalworking fluids, flame retardants and additives in the paint compounds. The major applications are summarized as under:
Chlorinated paraffin is commonly used as a softener in conjunction with primary plasticizers like phthalates.
Chlorinated paraffin offers many technical advantages, chief among them being the improved incombustibility of PVC products.
This can be very beneficial to your finances if you’re using PVC flooring or cables.
Chlorinated paraffin is also used as a plasticizer in paint, sealants, and adhesives where its stability and improved combustibility are advantages.
Demand and Scope of Chlorinated Paraffin:
The estimated value of the global chlorinated paraffin market is INR 12 thousand cr in 2022, and it is predicted to reach a readjusted size of INR 13 thousand cr by 2028, with a CAGR of 1.1 percent over the duration of the review period.
The high grades of wax (with a gas content of 70-72%) are made from a feedstock that is composed of a wax. Chlorinated paraffin is produced by chlorinating n-paraffin or petroleum oil.
The reaction is energetically releasing and ends up in the generation of the by-product acid. When removing residual traces of acid, a device is added to provide finished batches.
Chlorinated paraffin is a type of petroleum distillate that can be found in many different forms, such as liquid and gel. The majority of chlorinated paraffin used in industry comes in a liquid form, where it ranges from comparatively low to extremely high consistency.
There are a variety of gas-rich solid types with longer carbon chain lengths that tend to be more consistent and denser. This increased gas content leads to products with finer texture and smoother taste.
Chlorinated paraffin can easily mix with several organic solvents like acyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated solvents, ketones, and esters.
Specifications of Chlorinated Paraffin:
Name of Product: Chlorinated Paraffin
Chlorine Content by Percent: 42% – 62% Available
Formula Structure: CnH2n – 4CL6 (n-10 to 15)
Molecular Weight: 350 to 450
Appearance: Water White to pale yellow viscous Liquid
Density at 25°C: 1.25 – 1.29
Viscosity at 25°C (Poises): 15 to 22 Poise
Free HCL: 0.05% Maximum
Moisture: 0.05% Maximum
Color Stability at 180°C 15 Min: Product Stable
Loss of Volatile Material: 24 hrs at 100°C: 0.3% Maximum
Loss of Volatile Material: 4 hrs at 150°C: 0.6% Maximum
Flash Point open cup: 450°C
Manufacturing Process of CPW in India:
It is manufactured using the raw materials: paraffin and chlorine. The heated paraffin is charged to a glass-lined reactor jacketed for water cooling.
Hydrochloric acid is liberated and absorbed in water in the absorption column. The chlorinated product is sent packing in the drum.
Today, Suntek is the largest producer of CPW(Chlorinated Paraffin) in India & it constantly strives to improve in each area it enters, as its aim is to reach the pinnacle of success.
KNOW CPW
Chlorinated Paraffins (also known as Chlorinated Paraffins Oil (CPO) and chlorinated paraffins industry association Wax (CPW)) are made by chlorinating paraffins/waxes at different lengths. These Paraffins are used in soft PVC products as secondary plasticizers. Terms such as CP, CPO and CPW can be used interchangeably.
In soft PVC formulations, this plasticizer is used in combination with the primary plasticizers. It is cheaper than primary plasticizers, so processors use it for lower costs.
Using only a secondary plasticizer by itself can lead to product surface deterioration. It is possible to mix it with the primary plasticizer at the right ratio.
PVC contains 56.8% chlorine. CPW (Reducer of Dibutyl Phthalate) or CP can be added to soft PVC formulations to increase the chlorine content and provide fire retardant properties for PVC cable.
Complex mixtures of polychlorinated n–alkanes and isomers make up commercial CPW. They are difficult to separate by standard analytical methods. They are part of the UVCB group (substances with unknown and variable composition, complex reactions products or biological materials).
The following classifications apply to chlorinated paraffins:
The length of their carbon-chain length
Percentage (degrees) of chlorination
Low Cost flame-retardant property
Characteristics of chlorinated Paraffins
Commercial grade CP for PVC typically has 45%, 52%, and 58% chlorine content. Commercial chlorinated paraffin products can be liquid, and have a range of viscosity from very low to very high. It can be more viscous, less viscous, or a solid powder (70% of the chlorine content), depending on its chlorine content. Its specific gravity ranges from 1.15 to 1.35. Chlorinated paraffins have a lighter colour than chlorinated wax, and they are thermally more stable in PVC compounds.
CPW is good at low temperatures. Low-temperature flexibility is reduced by higher chlorine grades.
CPW is stain-resistant for flooring, wall coverings, and upholstery.
CPW provides resistance to aqueous detergent extraction.
Storage:
The colour of chlorinated paraffin can discolour if it is stored at temperatures above 35-40 degree C. It is recommended to use lined storage tanks.
Dehydrochlorination can occur when the material is exposed to heat, light, or the presence of zinc, iron, or both, for a prolonged period of time. Stabilizers such as ESBO can be useful.
PVC processing plants may observe that the color of PVC changes at 180°C for 20 minutes or longer depending on when it is stored.
There is a quality control procedure code IS 9591.1996.
Compatibility with plasticizers or filler:
Chlorinated paraffin with higher levels of chlorine has greater compatibility with plasticizers.
The tolerance of low solvating plasticizers for CPW is very limited.
Fast solvating plasticizers like DBP & TAP, on the other hand, are more tolerant. DBP has a greater tolerance for CPW.
Other secondary plasticizers like ESBO can adversely affect compatibility.
For 51-52% chlorine-containing CP, 1.5 phr is needed to replace DOP.
When CPW is mixed with DOP, the ratio is 70 DOP/30 CP. For DIDP & DINP, the ratio is 80 DIDP / 20% CP.
Tolerance for chlorinated paraffin increases beyond 100 phr. [PVC Flooring uses >150phr CaCO3].
To improve plastisol viscosity stability during aging, 45% chlorine grade CP is possible.
Plastisol Viscosity Stability
MAJOR USES
Chlorinated Paraffin Wax (CPW) is used in a wide range of industrial applications, including flame retardants and plasticizers. It works as an additive in metalworking fluids, sealants, paints and coatings. Chlorinated paraffin is non-poisonous, inflammable, low volatility, and high insulative.
CPW Widely used as a reducer of CBW in the production of Cable Materials, Floor, Panel, Shoes, Rubber, and other products. It also can be applied in coatings and lubricating oil additives, an excellent external lubricant for PVC processing and other industrial applications. PVC sticks to metal at the time of processing, and hence it is not lubricated externally resulting in non-satisfactory extrusion results.
Lower Temperature Plasticizer
Why Choose SUNTEK for CPW(Best Reducer of DBP) ?
Suntek has been a success story for over 30 years because of its commitment, dedication, and focus. Suntek has been a leader in the CP and HCL markets thanks to its hard work and skilled workforce.
Thanks to its innovative strategies, diligence, and constant improvement, the company has seen rapid growth. The company’s in-house R&D capabilities, as well as constant improvements in formulations and processes have enabled it to produce products that are technically superior than its competitors.
The company has a large customer base because it understands the customer’s needs in terms of quality and logistics. This was aided by the expertise of packaging, warehousing, and transportation professionals who have worked together to deliver on time and minimize inventory costs.
The company is now a leader in Chlorinated Paraffin in northern India and is growing at an almost 25% CAGR.
SUNTEK is constantly innovating and wants to achieve zenith in each pursuing sector.
